Hardware and Device Fundamentals Study Guide

These questions are for study practice only and are not official exam questions.

1. 1. A workstation power-budget exercise totals its expected peak load at 420 W and requires at least 25% additional capacity. Which listed supply rating is the smallest that meets that calculation?

   • 550 W
   • 450 W
   • 500 W
   • 800 W

2. 2. An office relies on mirrored drives and has no separate backup. A user deletes an important folder, and the deletion is reflected on the mirrored volume. What does this illustrate?

   • Mirroring always prevents user mistakes
   • A mirror is automatically an offline archive
   • More mirrors would make every deletion reversible
   • Mirroring provides redundancy but does not by itself preserve deleted file versions

3. 3. Two cables have USB-C connectors, but only one supports the monitor video mode required by a laptop. What conclusion is supported?

   • Connector shape alone does not specify every supported feature
   • A shared connector guarantees identical video capabilities
   • Charging successfully proves support for every display mode
   • Any USB-C source port necessarily provides video output

4. 4. A multifunction printer specification lists automatic two-sided printing but says its document feeder scans one side per pass. What should the user expect?

   • All functions must automatically process both sides
   • The scanner cannot capture any second side manually
   • Automatic duplex output does not imply automatic duplex scanning
   • The device cannot print single-sided documents

5. 5. A technician notices that a laptop battery is swollen and lifting the case. What is the appropriate initial response?

   • Stop using and charging it, and follow the organization and manufacturer safety process
   • Compress the case until it closes
   • Puncture the battery to release pressure
   • Continue charging to measure maximum capacity

6. 6. Before handling an unplugged computer internal circuit board, a technician consults a service guide that requires an approved electrostatic-discharge workstation. Why is this precaution relevant?

   • It proves the board has no stored electrical energy
   • Static discharge can damage sensitive electronic components
   • It makes unsupported replacement parts compatible
   • It replaces the need to disconnect power as the service guide requires

7. 7. A laptop has an M.2 socket. A replacement drive physically fits, but the service guide says that socket supports only SATA devices. The replacement is NVMe-only. What best explains why it is not recognized?

   • Every M.2 drive uses an identical interface
   • NVMe drives require a magnetic platter
   • The form factor fits but the storage interface is incompatible
   • The operating system must change the connector shape

8. 8. A laptop performs normally after startup but slows under sustained work. Telemetry shows high processor temperature and reduced clock speed during the slowdown. Which hypothesis best fits the evidence?

   • A storage-capacity shortage established by the temperature alone
   • Thermal throttling is limiting performance
   • A network congestion problem despite local sustained computation
   • A battery defect established solely by reduced clock speed

9. 9. A simplified UPS exercise provides 360 Wh of battery energy, of which 80% is usable. A constant load consumes 120 W. Ignoring other effects, what runtime is estimated?

   • 0.3 hour
   • 2.4 hours
   • 3 hours
   • 24 hours

10. 10. In a conceptual laser-printer process, which assembly uses heat and pressure to bond toner to paper?

    • The imaging drum
    • The paper pickup roller
    • The toner transfer assembly
    • The fuser assembly